amakuru

1. Incamake y'ibicuruzwa
Amagambo ahinnye ya polyacrylamide (amide)
polyacrylamide (PAM)
Ibice byera byera
Polyacrylamide, yitwa PAM, igabanijwemo anionic (APAM), cationic (CPAM), na nonionic (NPAM). Ni umurongo umwe wa polymer kandi ni bumwe mu bwoko bukoreshwa cyane mu kuvanga amazi ya polymer. Polyacrylamide n'ibiyikomokaho birashobora gukoreshwa nka flocculants nziza, kubyimbye, kongera impapuro no kugabanya amazi yo kugabanya ibintu, nibindi, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mugutunganya amazi, gukora impapuro, peteroli, amakara, ubucukuzi bwamabuye y'agaciro, geologiya, imyenda, ubwubatsi, nibindi. urwego rw'inganda.

3. Icyitonderwa cyo guhitamo ibicuruzwa bya polyacrylamide:
Guhitamo flocculant bifata ingamba zose hamwe nibisabwa ibikoresho.

StrengthImbaraga za floc zirashobora kwiyongera mukongera uburemere bwa molekuline ya flocculant.

ValueIgiciro cyo kwishyuza flocculant cyerekanwa hakoreshejwe ubushakashatsi.

Change Guhindura ikirere (ubushyuhe) bigira ingaruka ku guhitamo flocculant.

Hitamo uburemere bwa molekuline ya flocculant ukurikije ubunini bwa floc busabwa nuburyo bwo kuvura.

⑥ Vanga flocculant na sludge neza mbere yo kuvurwa.
4. Ibiranga imikorere:

1. Molekile ya polyacrylamide ifite genes nziza, ubushobozi bukomeye bwa flocculation, dosiye nke, ningaruka zigaragara zo kuvura.

2. Ifite igisubizo cyiza nigikorwa kinini. Indabyo za alum zakozwe na kondegene mu mubiri wamazi nini kandi zihita vuba. Ifite ubushobozi bwo kweza inshuro 2-3 kurenza izindi polymer zishonga amazi.

3. Guhuza imbaraga ningaruka nke ku gaciro ka pH nubushyuhe bwumubiri wamazi. Nyuma yo kweza amazi mbisi, igera ku rwego rwigihugu rwerekana amazi. Nyuma yo kuvurwa, ibice byahagaritswe mumazi bigera kumigambi yo guhindagurika no gusobanurwa, bifasha kuvura ion no gutegura amazi meza.

4. Ntibishobora kwangirika kandi byoroshye gukora, bishobora kuzamura imbaraga zumurimo hamwe nakazi keza ka dosiye.

5. Ikoreshwa rya polyacrylamide

Molekile ya polyacrylamide ifite gene nziza (-CONH2), ishobora adsorb no guhuza ibice byahagaritswe bikwirakwizwa mubisubizo. Ifite ingaruka zikomeye zo guhindagurika. Irashobora kwihutisha gutuza ibice mu guhagarikwa, kandi bifite umuvuduko ugaragara wibisubizo. Irashobora gusobanura no guteza imbere kuyungurura, bityo ikoreshwa cyane mugutunganya amazi, ingufu z'amashanyarazi, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, gutegura amakara, ibicuruzwa bya asibesitosi, inganda za peteroli, inganda, gukora imyenda, gutunganya isukari, ubuvuzi, kurengera ibidukikije, nibindi.
1. Nka flocculant, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubikorwa byo gutandukanya inganda zikomeye n’amazi, harimo gutembera, gusobanura, kwibanda hamwe no kubura umwuma. Inganda nyamukuru zikoreshwa ni: gutunganya imyanda yo mu mijyi, inganda zimpapuro, inganda zitunganya ibiribwa, inganda za peteroli, gutunganya amazi mabi mu nganda z’ubutare, inganda zitunganya amabuye y'agaciro, inganda zisiga amarangi, inganda z’isukari n’inganda zitandukanye. Ikoreshwa mukwangiza imyanda no kubura umwuma mugutunganya imyanda yo mumijyi ninyama, inkoko, hamwe n’amazi atunganya ibiryo. Amatsinda yashizwemo neza arimo amashanyarazi atesha agaciro amashanyarazi ya koloide yumuriro mubi kandi imikorere yo guhuza no guhuza ibikorwa bya polymers iteza uduce duto twa colloidal guteranya mubice binini kandi bitandukanijwe no guhagarikwa kwabo. Ingaruka iragaragara kandi dosiye ni nto.
2. Mu nganda zimpapuro, irashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byumye byumye, infashanyo yo kugumana hamwe ninkunga yo kuyungurura, bishobora kuzamura ireme ryimpapuro, kuzigama ibiciro no kongera ubushobozi bwinganda zimpapuro. Irashobora gukora mu buryo butaziguye ibiraro bya electrostatike hamwe na ion yumunyu ngugu, fibre hamwe nizindi polymers kama kugirango byongere imbaraga zumubiri wimpapuro, kugabanya gutakaza fibre cyangwa kuzuza, kwihutisha kuyungurura amazi, no kugira uruhare mubikorwa byo gushimangira, kubika no kuyungurura. Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugutunganya amazi yera, mugihe kimwe, irashobora kugira ingaruka zigaragara mugihe cyo guta.
3. Fibre slurry (ibicuruzwa bya asibesitosi-sima) birashobora kunoza imiyoboro y’ibicuruzwa bya asibesitosi-sima kandi bikongerera imbaraga ibibaho bya asibesitosi; mu kibaho, irashobora kunoza ubushobozi bwo guhuza inyongeramusaruro.
4.
5. Irashobora gukoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi y’irangi, amazi y’uruhu, n’amazi y’amavuta kugira ngo akureho umwanda no kuwusiga amabara kugira ngo yujuje ubuziranenge.
6. Mu kweza aside fosifori, ifasha gutandukanya gypsumu mugikorwa cya acide fosifori.
7. Ikoreshwa nk'amazi yo gutunganya amazi mu bimera by'amazi n'amasoko y'amazi.
6. Uburyo bukoreshwa nuburyo bwo kwirinda:
1. Koresha amazi atabogamye, adafite umunyu kugirango utegure igisubizo cyamazi hamwe na 0.2%.
2. Kubera ko iki gicuruzwa kibereye amazi menshi pH agaciro, dosiye rusange ni 0.1-10ppm (0.1-10mg / L).
3. Iseswa burundu. Iyo ushonga, koga amazi neza hanyuma ushyiremo ifu yimiti gahoro gahoro kandi iringaniye kugirango wirinde guhagarika imiyoboro na pompe biterwa na flokculasi nini n'amaso y'amafi.
4. Kuvanga umuvuduko muri rusange ni 200 rpm kandi igihe ntikiri munsi yiminota 60. Kongera mu buryo bukwiye ubushyuhe bwamazi kuri dogere selisiyusi 20-30 birashobora kwihuta gushonga. Ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwimiti yamazi bugomba kuba munsi ya dogere 60.
5. Menya igipimo cyiza. Menya igipimo cyiza ukoresheje ubushakashatsi mbere yo gukoresha. Kuberako ibipimo biri hasi cyane, ntabwo bizakora, kandi niba dosiye ari ndende cyane, bizagira ingaruka zinyuranye. Iyo irenze kwibanda, PAM ntabwo ihindagurika gusa, ahubwo iratatana kandi ikoreshwa neza.
6. Iki gicuruzwa kigomba kubikwa ahantu hakonje, humye kugirango hirindwe ubushuhe.
7. Ahantu ho gukorera hagomba kozwa amazi kenshi kugirango isukure. Kubera ubukonje bwinshi, PAM ikwirakwijwe mu nsi iba yoroshye iyo ihuye n’amazi, ikabuza abashoramari kunyerera kandi bigatera impanuka z'umutekano.
8. Iki gicuruzwa kirimo imifuka ya pulasitike kandi igice cyo hanze gikozwe mu mifuka iboshye ya pulasitike, buri mufuka ni 25Kg.
7. Imiterere yumubiri nibiranga imikoreshereze
1. Imiterere yumubiri: Inzira ya molekulari (CH2CHCONH2) r
PAM ni polymer. Irashobora gushonga byoroshye mumazi kandi hafi yo kudashonga muri benzene, Ethylbenzene, esters, acetone nindi miti rusange yumubiri. Igisubizo cyamazi yacyo ni hafi ya mucyo ya viscous fluid kandi nibicuruzwa bidatera akaga. Ibidashobora kwangirika, bikomeye PAM ni hygroscopique, kandi hygroscopicity yiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwa ionicity. PAM ifite ituze ryiza; ifite ituze ryiza iyo ishyutswe kugeza kuri 100 ° C, ariko irabora byoroshye kubyara gaze ya azote iyo ishyutswe kuri 150 ° C cyangwa hejuru yayo. Ikora imidisation kandi ntishobora gushonga mumazi. Ubucucike (g) ml 23 ° C 1.302. Ubushyuhe bwikirahure ni 153 ° C. PAM yerekana ibintu bitari Newtonian itembera mukibazo.
2. Ibiranga imikoreshereze
Flocculation: PAM irashobora gutesha agaciro ibintu byahagaritswe binyuze mumashanyarazi, ikiraro cya adsorption, kandi igakora flocculation.
Adhesion: Irashobora gukora nk'ibiti bifashishije ingaruka za mehaniki, umubiri na chimique.
Kugabanya kurwanya: PAM irashobora kugabanya neza kurwanya ubukana bwamazi. Ongeramo umubare muto wa PAM mumazi birashobora kugabanya ubukana bwo guterana 50-80%.
Kubyimba: PAM igira umubyimba mubihe bidafite aho bibogamiye na aside. Iyo agaciro ka pH kari hejuru ya 10 ° C, PAM iba hydrolyzed byoroshye kandi ifite igice cya reticular, kandi kubyimba bizagaragara cyane.
8. Synthesis hamwe nibikorwa bya polyacrylamide PAM
9. Ibikoresho byo gupakira no kubika:
Kubicuruzwa, menya neza kubirinda ubushuhe, imvura, nizuba.
Igihe cyo kubika: imyaka 2, umufuka wimpapuro 25kg (umufuka wa pulasitike ushyizwemo igikapu cya plastiki yububiko hanze).