amakuru

Hariho uburyo bubiri bwinganda zo kubyaza umusarurosoda: causticisation na electrolysis. Uburyo bwa causticisation bugabanijwe muburyo bwa soda ivu causticisation hamwe nuburyo busanzwe bwa alkali causticisation ukurikije ibikoresho fatizo bitandukanye; uburyo bwa electrolysis burashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwa diaphragm electrolysis hamwe nuburyo bwo guhana ion uburyo.
Uburyo bwa soda ivu causticisation: ivu rya soda na lime bihindurwamo igisubizo cya soda ivu naho ivu rihinduka amata yindimu. Causticisation reaction ikorwa kuri 99-101 ℃. Amazi ya causticisation arasobanutse, ahumeka kandi yibanda kuri 40%. Soda ya caustic soda. Amazi yibanze yibanze kandi arushijeho gukomera kugirango abone ibicuruzwa bya soda ikomeye. Icyondo cya causticizing cyogejwe namazi, kandi amazi yo gukaraba akoreshwa muguhindura alkali.
Uburyo bwa causticisation ya Trona: trona irajanjagurwa, irashonga (cyangwa alkali halogen), irasobanurwa, hanyuma amata y'indimu yongerwamo causticize kuri 95 kugeza 100 ° C. Amazi ya causticised arasobanutse, ahumeka, kandi yibanda kuri NaOH hafi ya 46%, kandi amazi meza arakonja. , imvura yumunyu hamwe no guteka kugirango ushire hamwe kugirango ubone ibicuruzwa bya soda ikomeye. Icyondo cya causticised cyogejwe namazi, kandi amazi yo gukaraba akoreshwa mugushonga trona.
Uburyo bwa Diaphragm electrolysis: ongeramo ivu rya soda, soda ya caustic, na barium chloride yibandaho kugirango ukureho umwanda nka calcium, magnesium, na sulfate ion nyuma yumunyu wambere wumunyu, hanyuma wongeremo sodium polyacrylate cyangwa causticised bran mubigega bisobanurwa kugirango wihutishe imvura, kandi kuyungurura umucanga Nyuma, aside hydrochloric yongeweho kubogama. Ubwonko burashyuha kandi bwoherejwe kuri electrolysis. Electrolyte irashyuha, igahumeka, igatandukanya umunyu, hanyuma igakonjeshwa kugirango ibone soda ya caustic soda, ikaba yibanda cyane kugirango ibone umusaruro wuzuye wa soda ikomeye. Amazi yo gukaraba umunyu akoreshwa mugushonga umunyu.
Uburyo bwa Ion guhanahana membrane: Nyuma yumunyu wumwimerere uhinduwe umunyu, brine iratunganywa ukurikije uburyo gakondo. Nyuma ya brine yibanze imaze kuyungurura binyuze muri microporus sintere carbone tubular filter, noneho irongera gutunganywa hifashishijwe umunara wa chelating ion guhana umunara kugirango ukore Iyo calcium na magnesium biri muri brine bigabanutse munsi ya 0. 002%, ubwonko bwa kabiri bunonosowe buba amashanyarazi. kubyara gaze ya chlorine mucyumba cya anode. Na + muri brine mucyumba cya anode yinjira mu cyumba cya cathode ikoresheje ion membrane na OH- mu cyumba cya cathode itanga hydroxide ya sodium. H + isohoka neza kuri cathode kugirango itange gaze ya hydrogen. Mugihe cya electrolysis, aside ikwiye ya hydrochloric aside-yongewe mucyumba cya anode kugirango itabangamire OH- yimuwe, kandi amazi meza asabwa agomba kongerwa mubyumba bya cathode. Soda-isukuye cyane ya caustic soda ikorerwa mucyumba cya cathode ifite ubunini bwa 30% kugeza 32% (misa), bushobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye nk'ibicuruzwa bya alkali, cyangwa birashobora guhurizwa hamwe kugira ngo bitange umusaruro ukomeye wa soda.